应用智能手机运动App自我监控日常体力活动的实验研究     

胡永芳  翁锡全  包希哲  曾玲玲 《广州体育学院学报》2020,(5):113-118

目的：探讨应用智能手机运动软件监控体力活动对日常体力活动的影响及其内在机理。方法：选取广州市年龄35~45岁之间的白领38名作为研究对象，实验前、后受试者填写《国际体力活动问卷长卷》问卷，实验中受试者采用动动健康软件管理目标体力活动量，并将每日活动量反馈给监督者，监督者根据受试者上一周的体力活动量，对每名受试者设定下周的目标体力活动量，要求每周活动量较上周增加20%，实验共为期12周。结果：与实验前比较，试验后后第1周、第4周、第8周和12周的步数、能量消耗和活跃时间均非常显著性的增加（P<0.01）；试验后各时间段步数均有所增加，其中，实验前工作日和休息日在17:30-20:00时间段步数最多，试验后工作日步数最多出现在20:00-22:00和17:30-20:002个时间段，休息日出现在8:30-12:00和20:00-22:002个时间段。结论：应用智能手机运动软件进行自我监控可以提高白领日常体力活动量，特别是交通和闲暇时间体力活动。目标设定、自我监控和表现反馈可能是体力活动干预中较为有效的行为改变技术（BCTs）。  相似文献   

青少年身体活动发展评价模型的构建及其优化治理对策*     

赵伟奇  张枝尚 《广州体育学院学报》2020,(5):31-34

充分重视青少年身体健康，提升青少年身体机能素质是当前教育教学部门开展青少年身体活动的核心目标。围绕青少年身体素质的影响要素，构建青少年身体活动发展评价模型，从青少年身体活动发展自我影响要素和外部影响要素入手，分析影响青少年身体活动发展的要素，并在综合评价基础上提出青少年身体活动发展优化治理的对策。  相似文献   

基于体育课堂观测的小学生身体活动水平及教师教学行为分析     

李兴盈  汪晓赞 《沈阳体育学院学报》2020,(2):27-33

全球儿童青少年的肥胖发病率逐年增高,身体活动不足,每天参加足够量的身体活动是促进其身心健康发展的基本保障。我国儿童青少年面对繁重的学业和大量的家庭作业,课外体育活动参与的时间大大减少,体育课成为了唯一能促使学生参与中等到大强度身体活动的场所。通过SOFIT工具对上海市黄浦区5所小学的217节体育课的学生身体活动水平和教师教学行为进行了观测,分析发现:上海市小学生体育课中的身体活动水平偏低,能够达到50%以上时间进行中等到大强度身体活动(MVPA)的课时比率非常少。教师用于课堂管理和知识讲解的时间过多,且对促进学生进行MVPA的语言干预不够,这些均影响了学生的课内身体活动水平。建议除对学生的活动时间高度重视外,还应该重视学生课内身体活动强度;体育教师应做到“精讲多练”,推动学生积极的参与体育活动;注重开发优质的体育课程。  相似文献   

Ferulic acid prevents liver injury and increases the anti-tumor effect of diosbulbin B in vivo   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jun-ming WANG  Yu-chen SHENG  Li-li JI  Zheng-tao WANG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2014,15(6):540-547

The present study is designed to investigate the protection by ferulic acid against the hepatotoxicity induced by diosbulbin B and its possible mechanism, and further observe whether ferulic acid augments diosbulbin B-induced anti-tumor activity. The results show that ferulic acid decreases diosbulbin B-increased serum alanine transaminase/aspartate transaminase (ALT/AST) levels. Ferulic acid also decreases lipid peroxide (LPO) levels which are elevated in diosbulbin B-treated mice. Histological evaluation of the liver demonstrates hydropic degeneration in diosbulbin B-treated mice, while ferulic acid reverses this injury. Moreover, the activities of copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) and catalase (CAT) are decreased in the livers of diosbulbin B-treated mice, while ferulic acid reverses these decreases. Further results demonstrate that the mRNA expressions of CuZn-SOD and CAT in diosbulbin B-treated mouse liver are significantly decreased, while ferulic acid prevents this decrease. In addition, ferulic acid also augments diosbulbin B-induced tumor growth inhibition compared with diosbulbin B alone. Taken together, the present study shows that ferulic acid prevents diosbulbin B-induced liver injury via ameliorating diosbulbin B-induced liver oxidative stress injury and augments diosbulbin B-induced anti-tumor activity.  相似文献   

Sport as medicine: How F3 is building healthier men and communities     

《Sport Management Review》2019,22(1):38-52

Given sport has been largely absent from U.S. public health policies and discourse, the author suggests ways that sport can be better managed to promote health. Using a critical perspective and grounded theory approach, the author examined the experiences of 14 men in the grassroots recreational program, F3. Data were collected through observation and semi-structured interviews. Based on the results, a conceptual model that suggests how sport should be managed to address illnesses related to physical inactivity is put forth. The resulting Sport as Medicine model indicates that Creating a Team Structure, Providing a Place to Be Accountable, and Ensuring No One is Left Out, led to meaningful Health Outcomes, including Physical Health, Mental Toughness, and Social Connections. As the distinctiveness of sport continues to emerge, the author provides a framework to consider how sport can be part of public health efforts to address physical inactivity. Thus, this work positions sport as medicine by pinpointing how sport can be managed so that holistic health outcomes are more likely achieved.  相似文献   

大学生群体极化现象的社会心理学分析     

赵石强 《哈尔滨学院学报》2014,35(9):136-139

群体极化现象是指群体成员一开始具有某种偏向,在经过讨论后群体朝偏向的方向继续移动,直至形成极端的结果。大学生是一个特殊的群体,他们朝气蓬勃、富于激情,看重个人名誉,充满正义感,具备较强的集体观念,组织性纪律性强。大学生的这些特征也使得这一群体在事实上更加容易发生极端化的情况。防治大学生群体极化要从重视传统,加强极端化后果教育,注重观点和意见的多样性与平衡,融入协商民主理念等多个方面共同着手。  相似文献   

Effect on growth and productivity of lutein from the chlorophyta microalga,strain MCH of Muriellopsis sp., when grown in sea water and outdoor conditions at the Atacama Desert     

《Electronic Journal of Biotechnology》2021

BackgroundMicroalgae are microorganisms that produce various products, for example, pigments, mainly carotenoids. This study aimed to used the strain of Muriellopsis sp. and to evaluate their behavior when grown in freshwater and seawater, along with indoor and outdoor conditions for both cultures. Growth of the strain was evaluated by determining its biomass, lutein productivity with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and antioxidant activity by using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilhydrazil (DPPH method).ResultsMuriellopsis sp. strain in indoor cultures showed an increased antioxidant activity. In outdoor conditions, both cultures showed increased cells number, concentration of biomass, and lutein productivity. The percentage of lutein obtained from the strain MCH in indoor conditions was 25 times higher than that reported for calendula, reaching 0.75% of lutein in Muriellopsis sp. cultured in seawater, followed by 0.6% in Muriellopsis sp., cultures in freshwater at day 12 of both cultures. These values exceed that of microalgae Scenedesmus almeriensis, which reaches 0.53% lutein.ConclusionsThe results show that the native strain of the Atacama Desert is one of the largest producers of lutein as compared to those reported to date. The study demonstrated the feasibility of producing this carotenoid with well-known properties to prevent some diseases due to its high nutritional value. Muriellopsis sp. cultivation in open-air seawater is a good precedent for developing mass production of this species in an area where freshwater is scarce and costly.How to cite: Cruz-Balladares V, Marticorena P, Riquelme C. Effect on growth and productivity of lutein from the chlorophyta microalga, strain MCH of Muriellopsis sp., when grown in sea water and outdoor conditions at the Atacama Desert. Electron J Biotechnol 2021;54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.09.001  相似文献   

Effects of an aerobic fitness test on short- and long-term memory in elementary-aged children     

Jennifer L. Etnier  Paul M. Sprick  Jeffrey D. Labban  Chia-Hao Shih  Stephen M. Glass  Jarod C. Vance 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(19):2264-2272

ABSTRACT

Meta-analytic evidence supports that exercise has benefits for short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM). However, only three studies with children have tested the differential effects of exercise on STM and LTM. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an aerobic fitness test on STM and LTM and to consider the moderating effects of grade level. Children (7–13 years of age) were randomly assigned to either perform an aerobic fitness test before (exercise prior) or after (exercise post) performing the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) to assess memory. Memory was tested again after approximately 24 hours. There were significant differences in memory performance as a function of grade with 4^th and 6^th graders consistently outperforming 2^nd graders. For learning, Day 1 Retention, 24-hr recall, and Day 2 Retention, the exercise prior group performed better than the exercise post group. It is concluded that an aerobic fitness test performed prior to a declarative memory test benefits LTM as compared to when the aerobic fitness test is performed after the memory test.  相似文献   

Cut points of the Actigraph GT9X for moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity at four different wear locations     

Matthew B. Rhudy  Scott B. Dreisbach  Matthew D. Moran  Marissa J. Ruggiero  Praveen Veerabhadrappa 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(5):503-510

ABSTRACT

Accelerometer cut points are an important consideration for distinguishing the intensity of activity into categories such as moderate and vigorous. It is well-established in the literature that these cut points depend on a variety of factors, including age group, device, and wear location. The Actigraph GT9X is a newer model accelerometer that is used for physical activity research, but existing cut points for this device are limited since it is a newer device. Furthermore, there is not existing data on cut points for the GT9X at the ankle or foot locations, which offers some potential benefit for activities that do not involve arm and/or core motion. A total of N = 44 adults completed a four-stage treadmill protocol while wearing Actigraph GT9X sensors at four different locations: foot, ankle, wrist, and hip. Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) levels assessed by indirect calorimetry along with Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to establish cut points for moderate and vigorous intensity for each wear location of the GT9X. Area under the ROC curves indicated high discrimination accuracy for each case.  相似文献   

现代奥运会技术的社会建构研究     

卫才胜 《武汉体育学院学报》2019,53(1):18-23

现代奥运会技术既不是技术自身逻辑发展决定的，也不是社会决定的，而是社会建构的结果。目前，奥运会技术在国家、体育协会、商业企业、技术专家、教练员、运动员等相关社会群体的建构下以追求效率为目标，给现代奥林匹克运动带来了困境。困境产生的根源是，目前整个奥运会技术发展的方向出现了问题。要改变这种状况，这就需要改变目前运动员在技术发展方面的弱势地位，建立以运动员为中心，通过民主协商的形式重新建构技术，推动技术朝着绿色的方向发展，从而消解技术给现代奥林匹克运动带来的困境。  相似文献